Material and it's properties


Material - It is a physical substance from which things are made. Everything around us made up of something that is known as material.
All these objects shown in picture are made up of one or more materials. Ex. metal, plastic,wood etc.
Sometimes an object is madeup of a single material , an object could also be made of many materials and one material could be used for making different objects. It depends on the property of material and the purpose for which object used.
For eg. A tumbler is never made up of a piece of cloth because it cannot hold water. So to make tumbler we need glass, plastic or any other material that can hold water.

Properties of material
1. Appearance-  The look,feel, texture, colour and luster defines the appearance of material. Example- wood looks different from iron. Iron appears different from copper.
2.Hardness-   It is the property which enables it to resist plastic deformation by penetration. Material which can be compressed or scratched easily are called soft material.
Some other material which are difficult to compress are called hard materials.
3.Soluble or Insoluble-  The material that completely dissolves in water or make clear solution is called soluble Material. Example- lemon juice,sugar,salt
The material which does not dissolve in water and does not make solution is called insoluble material.Example- kerosene oil, sand, chalk powder
4.Float or Sink-  This property is defined by the weight of material. 
If material is lightweight, it floats over the surface. It is called floating material. Example- paper, plastic etc
If material is heavyweight, it sinks into the water. It is called sinking material. Example- stones,metal, etc.
5.Transparency or opaque- The material through which light can pass or through which things can be seen clearly are called transparent material. Example- air, glass, etc.
The material through which light cannot pass or through which we cannot see anything is called opaque.Example- wood,metal, etc.
There is one more kind of material b which allows light to pass  through them partially or we cannot see anything clearly are called translucent. Example- oiled paper, coloured syrup etc.
6. Heat and electricity conductor - Material through which heat and electricity pass is called good conductor of heat and electricity. Example - iron rods,copper wire.
Material through which heat and electricity does not pas is called bad conductor of heat and electricity.
Example - hydrochloric acid
7.State of material -  The compactness or consistency of material describe the state of material. On the basis of compactness materials are classified into three states i.e solid, liquid and gas
Solid is the most rigid and compact state of material in which particles are densly packed.Example- wood, glass etc.
Liquid is less compact than solid in which particles are moderately packed. Example- water,oil etc.
Gaseous material are least compact and particles are loosely packed. Example - air 




Thanks for reading

By 
Payal Gupta

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